地震作用下土质边坡类型划分
摘要
本文研究分析了多种因素对土质边坡地震稳定性的不同影响程度,认为影响作用较大的前8个因素分别为坡度、坡高、斜坡结构类型、降水、水系距离、黏聚力、内摩擦角和地震动参数.利用层次分析法计算各因素的影响权重,以综合性、操作性和适用性为原则,将影响权重较高的因素作为划分指标,将土质边坡划分为4大类,每大类中再根据坡度的大小划分为缓坡、缓陡坡、陡坡和急坡等4个亚类.划分结果可为地震作用下土质边坡稳定性的评价提供参考依据.
The influence factors of soil slope seismic stability are multifarious and their impact extents are also various.In this study,we discuss the effect degree of each factor,and the results show that the key influence factors are slope grade,slope height,slope structure type,rainfall,drainage distance,cohesion force,internal friction angle and ground motion parameters.The method of analytic hierarchy process(AHP)is introduced into this research to determine the weight of each key factor.Based on integrity,operability and applicability,factors with higher weights,which partition the slopes into four types,are selected as the indexes of soil slope division,and each type is further classified into four sub-types according to slope gradients,including gentle slope,gentle steep slope,steep slope and more steep slope.The results can provide a reference basis for the stability evaluation of soil slope under seismic action.
引文
陈晓利,祁生文,叶洪.2008.基于GIS的地震滑坡危险性的模糊综合评价研究[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,44(3):434-438.Chen X L,Qi S W,Ye H.2008.Fuzzy comprehensive study on seismic landslide hazard based on GIS[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,44(3):434-438(in Chinese).
陈晓利,冉洪流,王明明.2012.潜在地震滑坡危险区区划方法[J].地球物理学报,55(4):1269-1277.Chen X L,Ran H L,Wang M M.2012.Hazards zonation for potential earthquake-induced landslide area[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,55(4):1269-1277(in Chinese). 崔鹏,陈晓清,张建强,杨宗佶,游勇,范建容,苏凤环,孔应德,朱兴华.2013.“4·20”芦山7.0级地震次生山地灾害活动特征与趋势[J].山地学报,31(3):257-265.Cui P,Chen X Q,Zhang J Q,Yang Z J,You Y,Fan J R,Su F H,Kong Y D,Zhu X H.2013.Activities and tendency of mountain hazards induced by the MS7.0Lushan earthquake,April 20,2013[J].Journal of Mountain Science,31(3):257-265(in Chinese). 樊晓一,乔建平,陈永波.2004.层次分析法在典型滑坡危险度评价中的应用[J].自然灾害学报,13(1):72-76.Fan X Y,Qiao J P,Chen Y B.2004.Application of analytic hierarchy process in assessment of typical landslide danger degree[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,13(1):72-76(in Chinese). 《工程地质手册》编委会.2011.工程地质手册[M].第四版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社:5-12.Editorial Board of Engineering Geology Manual.2011.Engineering Geology Manual[M].4th edition.Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press:5-12(in Chinese). 黄润秋.2007.20世纪以来中国的大型滑坡及其发生机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,26(3):433-454.Huang R Q.2007.Large-scale landslides and their sliding mechanisms in China since the 20th century[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,26(3):433-454(in Chinese). 黄润秋,李为乐.2008.“5·12”汶川大地震触发地质灾害的发育分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,27(12):2585-2592.Huang R Q,Li W L.2008.Research on development and distribution rules of geohazards induced by Wenchuan earthquake on 12th May,2008[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,27(12):2585-2592(in Chinese). 黄润秋,裴向军,李天斌.2008.汶川地震触发大光包巨型滑坡基本特征及形成机理分析[J].工程地质学报,16(6):730-741.Huang R Q,Pei X J,Li T B.2008.Basic characteristics and formation mechanism of the largest scale landslide at Daguangbao occurred during the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,16(6):730-741(in Chinese). 姜德义,王国栋.2003.高速公路工程边坡的工程地质分类[J].重庆大学学报,26(11):113-116.Jiang D Y,Wang G D.2003.Engineering geologic classification of slopes for highway projects[J].Journal of Chongqing University,26(11):113-116(in Chinese). 孔宪立,石振明.2001.工程地质学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社:10-41.Kong X L,Shi Z M.2001.Engineering Geology[M].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press:10-41(in Chinese). 李果,黄润秋,巨能攀,赵建军.2011.软弱基座型滑坡震裂机理研究[J].工程地质学报,19(5):712-718.Li G,Huang R Q,Ju N P,Zhao J J.2011.Earthquake cracking mechanism of landslide with soft foundation[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,19(5):712-718(in Chinese). 李萍.2006.黄土边坡可靠性研究[D].西安:长安大学:18-33.Li P.2006.Reliability Applied to Stability Analysis of Loess Slope[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University:18-33(in Chinese). 刘祖典.1997.黄土力学与工程[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社:26-29.Liu Z D.1997.The Loess Mechanics and Engineering[M].Xi’an:Shaanxi Science and Technology Press:26-29(in Chinese). 裴向军,黄润秋.2013.“4·20”芦山地震地质灾害特征分析[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,40(3):257-263.Pei X J,Huang R Q.2013.Analysis of characteristics of geological hazards by“4·20”Lushan earthquake in Sichuan,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,40(3):257-263(in Chinese). 孙崇绍,蔡红卫.1997.我国历史地震时滑坡崩塌的发育及分布特征[J].自然灾害学报,6(1):25-30.Sun C S,Cai H W.1997.Developing and distributing characteristics of collapses and landslides during strong historic earthquake in China[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,6(1):25-30(in Chinese). 孙玉科,徐义芳.1959.稳定边坡的概念及自然边坡的分类[J].地质科学,2(7):214-215.Sun Y K,Xu Y F.1959.Concept of stable slope and classification of natural slope[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2(7):214-215(in Chinese). 唐大雄,刘佑荣,张文殊,王清.1999.工程岩土学[M].第二版.北京:地质出版社:86-99.Tang D X,Liu Y R,Zhang W S,Wang Q.1999.Science of Geotechnical Engineering[M].2nd edition.Beijing:Geological Publishing House:86-99(in Chinese). 王秀英,聂高众,王登伟.2009.利用强震记录分析汶川地震诱发滑坡[J].岩石力学与工程学报,28(11):2369-2376.Wang X Y,Nie G Z,Wang D W.2009.Analysis of landslide induced by Wenchuan earthquake by strong motion records[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,28(11):2369-2376(in Chinese). 王秀英,聂高众,王登伟.2010.汶川地震诱发滑坡与地震动峰值加速度对应关系研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,29(1):82-89.Wang X Y,Nie G Z,Wang D W.2010.Research on relationship between landslides and peak ground accelerations induced by Wenchuan earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,29(1):82-89(in Chinese). 许冲,戴福初,姚鑫,陈剑,涂新斌,孙瑜,王志一.2009.GIS支持下基于层次分析法的汶川地震区滑坡易发性评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,28(增刊2):3978-3985.Xu C,Dai F C,Yao X,Chen J,Tu X B,Sun Y,Wang Z Y.2009.GIS-based landslide susceptibility assessment using analytical hierarchy process in Wenchuan earthquake region[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,28(Suppl 2):3978-3985(in Chinese). 袁仁茂,李树德,陈锁忠.1999.镇江市滑坡规律研究及其发生原因探析[J].水土保持研究,6(4):95-99.Yuan R M,Li S D,Chen S Z.1999.Study of distribution laws and genesis of landslides in Zhenjiang city[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,6(4):95-99(in Chinese). 张江伟.2015.土质边坡地震动力响应特性分析及稳定性评价[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所:31-39.Zhang J W.2015.Seismic Dynamic Response Analysis and Stability Evaluation of Soil Slope[D].Beijing:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration:31-39(in Chinese). 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.2014.GB 50330-2013建筑边坡工程技术规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社:13-18.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction of the People’s Republic of China.2014.GB50330-2013:Technical Code for Building Slope Engineering[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press:13-18(in Chinese). Bieniawski Z T.1974.Geomechanics classification of rock masses and its application in tunnelin[C]∥Proceedings of the Third International Congress on Rock Mechanics.Denver:International Society for Rock Mechanics:27-32. Deere D U,Hendron A J,Patton F D,Cording E J.1967.Design of surface and near-surface construction in rock[C]∥Proceedings of the 8th U.S.Symposium on Rock Mechanics.Minneapolis,Minnesota:American Rock Mechanics Association:237-302. Keefer D K.2000.Statistical analysis of an earthquake-induced landslide distribution:The 1989Loma Prieta,California event[J].Eng Geol,58(3/4):231-249. Saaty T L,Wong M M.1983.Projecting average family size in rural India by the analytic hierarchy process[J].J Math Sociol,9(3):181-209. |